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br The actions of GLP on the vasculature
2022-05-13

The actions of GLP-1 (9–36) on the vasculature/endothelium The previous sections have ascribed the vascular and/or endothelial actions of GLP-1/GLP-1R agonists to potential direct actions through a canonical GLP-1R, but as mentioned previously, whether VSMCs and ECs express a full-length GLP-1R r
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br Declarations of interest br Acknowledgements This work wa
2022-05-12

Declarations of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673321, 21506099), the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research (SIMM1705KF-13), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20151541), and the Jiangsu Syne
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br Materials and methods br
2022-05-12

Materials and methods Acknowledgments We are grateful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 81661148046 and 81773762, China) and the “Personalized Medicines—Molecular Signature-based Drug Discovery and Development”, Strategic Priority Research
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We detected the FFAR protein
2022-05-12

We detected the FFAR2 protein with a molecular mass of about 50 kDa, which is comparable to the main band detected in pigs (Li et al., 2014) but different from the calculated size based on the sequence (Wang et al., 2009). The size difference can be explained, at least in part, by glycosylation site
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We characterized the enzyme corresponding
2022-05-12

We characterized the enzyme corresponding to N1. FPP was the most effective substrate as allylic diphosphate, and the activities with GPP and DMAPP were 50% and 11% that with FPP, respectively. The analysis of the prenols resulting from the treatment of prenyl diphosphates with apexbt chemicals pho
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Cell stiffness is determined by the cytoskeleton an intracel
2022-05-12

Cell stiffness is determined by the cytoskeleton, an intracellular polymeric network consisting of make money filaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, and crosslinking proteins [38]. Low cell stiffness has been correlated with reduced formation of well-defined F-actin filaments or bundles [
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Two recently developed highly specific EZH
2022-05-12

Two recently developed, highly specific EZH2 enzymatic inhibitors, GSK126 and EPZ-6438, are currently in clinical trials for treating lymphomas (Kim and Roberts, 2016). Although these EZH2 inhibitors have shown antitumor effects in lymphoma cells with enzyme-activating mutations of EZH2 (Knutson et
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Previous study demonstrated that Hcy elevated
2022-05-12

Previous study demonstrated that Hcy elevated organ culture-induced up-regulation of ETB receptor in VSMCs (Chen et al., 2016a; Chen et al., 2016b). Many signaling pathways were involved in Hcy-induced up-regulation of ETB receptor in VSMCs, such as ERK1/2/NF-κB signaling pathway, Sirt1/NF-κB signal
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It has been demonstrated that RA regulates gene
2022-05-12

It has been demonstrated that RA regulates gene DGAT-1 inhibitor through an epigenetic mechanism during stem cell and cancer cell differentiation. In neuroblastoma cells, RA induced neural maturation through RET gene transcriptional activation by increasing H3K4me3 levels at the promoter region and
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Acetylation of histones by histone acetyltransferases
2022-05-12

Acetylation of histones by histone acetyltransferases stimulates gene expression by relaxing Glyoxalase I inhibitor structure, allowing access of transcription factors to DNA, whereas deacetylation of histones by histone deacetylases promotes chromatin condensation and transcriptional repression. R
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The exact mechanism by which mitochondrial hexokinases such
2022-05-12

The exact mechanism by which mitochondrial hexokinases such as HK1 and HK2 prevent apoptosis is unclear. Mitochondrial hexokinases have been shown to bind with the voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), giving them direct access to ATP for use as an energy source [36]. Akt has been shown to prom
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Hepatitis C virus HCV is a
2022-05-12

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a frequent cause of infectious chronic hepatitis. Unlike hepatitis A and B, there is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C infection yet. According to WHO, around 200 million people are infected with HCV worldwide [1], in addition to three to four million newly infected patien
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Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcription
2022-05-12

Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of the GSTP1-1 gene expression we and others have characterized structural and functional properties of the human GSTP1-1 promoter. GSTP1-1 gene promoter activity is driven by a TATA-box [16] as well as Spl [16], [17], AP-1 [1
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topoisomerase br The methyl aspartate receptor NMDAr hypofun
2022-05-11

The -methyl--aspartate receptor (NMDAr) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia correlates disease symptomology with glutamatergic neurotransmission dysfunction., , , Therefore, inhibition of glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) to elevate synaptic levels of glycine and potentiate NMDAr signaling is a
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As discussed above both endogenous and exogenous lesions
2022-05-11

As discussed above, both endogenous and exogenous lesions can lead to adverse health effects [43]. Damaged nucleobases can block DNA replication which is often lethal to cells [44]. The effectiveness of DNA restoration by DNA glycosylases should be closely monitored to gain an insight of the functi
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